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Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting, Coronary Artery Bypass surgeryBypass surgery also called as Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery or colloquially heart bypass. It is a surgical procedure that improves the flow of blood towards the heart.

Coronary Heart Disease And Symptoms

Coronary heart disease is the shrinking of the blood vessels that supply oxygen and blood to the heart. The most common symptom of coronary artery disease is angina or chest pain. Angina can be described as a heaviness, discomfort, aching, pressure, fullness, burning, squeezing, or painful feeling in your chest also. It can be mistaken for indigestion or heartburn. Angina may also be felt in the shoulders, arms, neck, throat, jaw, or back. Some other symptoms of coronary artery disease include:

  • Sweating
  • A faster heartbeat
  • Shortness of breath
  • Weakness or dizziness
  • Palpitations (Irregular Heartbeats)

Risk factors for Coronary Heart Disease

  • Smoking
  • Diabetes
  • Family history
  • High cholesterol
  • High blood pressure
  • Peripheral artery disease

Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease

An investigation like an electrocardiogram, stress tests, ultrasound imaging of the heart muscle, coronary angiography, high-speed CT scan has also taken into consideration to diagnose this disease.

Treatment For Coronary Artery Disease

PTCA is a treatment of coronary artery disease. In angioplasty, a balloon-tipped catheter inserted through the skin into a blood vessel and to the clogged portion of the artery. There, it is threaded into the blockage and then inflated. After that compressing the plaque (buildup of fat and cholesterol) against the arterial walls. Frequent postoperative reclogging (narrowing of blood vessels) of the treated area has led to the use of stent also (sometimes coated with a drug that inhibits narrowing of a blood vessel) which is designed to hold the plaque back.

What to do after the Procedure?

  • Coronary artery disease occurs when plaque (accumulated by fats and cholesterols) builds up in the walls of the arteries.
  • When a blood clot (thrombus) forms on top of this plaque, the artery becomes completely blocked causing a heart attack.
  • The heart muscle becomes starved of oxygen, and patients often experience chest pain when the blood oxygen supply cannot keep up with demand.
  • When coronary arteries shrink more than 50 to 70%, the blood supply beyond the blockage becomes insufficient to meet the increased Oxygen demand.